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MySQL Command Line Backup: Top 5 CLI Utilities

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Targeted at DBAs, this article offers an overview of CLI utilities for MySQL backup. The commands described can be implemented in Linux Shell (.sh) scripts, as well as in Windows cmd (.bat) and PowerShell (.ps1) scripts. In addition to creating backups, dumps and exporting data, we’ll also delve into MySQL restore commands.

The article presupposes the use of InnoDB, the default storage engine, enabling hot backups without server downtime. If not specified otherwise, you’re likely already using it. Typically, other engines would lock the tables or the entire DB during the backup.

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MySQL: From Dumps to Restores

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A MySQL dump is a file that contains SQL commands, which, when executed, would lead to the recreation of the MySQL database at the moment of the dump’s export. Essentially, a MySQL dump database is a logical MySQL backup database.

mysqldumpis a utility that creates a MySQL dump. It is part of MySQL and MariaDB and gets installed alongside the MySQL client.

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如何在 Linux 中自动化 MySQL 数据库备份

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本博客文章所述解决方案适用于任何 Linux 发行版：Ubuntu、Red Hat、Open SUSE、CentOS、Debian、Oracle Linux 等。然而，包安装命令可能会有所不同。
自动备份 MySQL 服务器数据库对于防止数据丢失至关重要。要正确自动化备份，您需要按照以下步骤执行：

  1. 创建数据库备份
  2. 压缩备份
  3. 加密压缩文件
  4. 使用 FTP、Dropbox、AWS、Google Drive 等将备份发送到云存储
  5. 收到备份结果的邮件通知
  6. 创建备份计划
  7. 删除旧备份

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Guide to Setting Up Permissions for Database Backup and Restore

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In order to create database backups through SqlBak or SqlBackupAndFtp, the user specified when adding the connection must have sufficient privileges to perform the backup operation. Although you can use a superuser to create a backup without any problems, it is considered best practice to create a separate user specifically for this purpose.

Below are examples of SQL scripts for creating a backup user, as well as the necessary privileges for database recovery.

Please note that it is not necessary to grant recovery permissions immediately. This can be done when you need to restore the database.

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